Os líderes do mundo se encontraram e finalmente admitiram que a melhor (e única) maneira de resolver os problemas econômicos globais é fazer um balanço do quanto eles devem um ao outro e pagar um ao outro com cheques enormes. Eles o contrataram (ironicamente, com a menor taxa de contrato possível) para descobrir os melhores meios de fazê-lo.

Depois de muita deliberação, e pedindo a alguém para desenhar um exemplo simples, eles apresentaram as seguintes especificações.

Cada país é representado pelo código ISO 3166-1 alfa-2 : USnos EUA, AUna Austrália, JPno Japão, CNna China e assim por diante ...

1. Um razão é elaborado como uma série de entradas de países e os valores devidos a cada país.
2. A entrada de cada país começa com seu ID de domínio em dois pontos e quanto eles têm excedente / déficit (em bilhões de euros), seguidos por ponto e vírgula, depois uma lista dos países separados por vírgula e quanto (em bilhões de Euro) eles devem.
3. Se um país não deve nada a outro país, nenhuma menção a esse país é inserida após esse separador de ponto e vírgula.
4. Os déficits são indicados como números negativos, o excedente é indicado como um número positivo.
5. Os valores também podem ser flutuadores.
6. O razão deve ser retirado do STDIN. O final do razão é indicado por um retorno de carro em uma linha em branco. A contagem deve ser entregue à STDOUT.

Um exemplo de um razão:

Input:
AU:8;US:10,CN:15,JP:3
US:14;AU:12,CN:27,JP:14
CN:12;AU:8,US:17,JP:4
JP:10;AU:6,US:7,CN:10

O sistema então calcula quanto cada país deve e deve e determina seu superávit / déficit, por exemplo, para a UA:

AU = 8 (superávit atual) -10 (para EUA) -15 (para CN) -3 (para JP) +12 (dos EUA) +8 (da CN) +6 (da JP) = 6

Quando toda a computação estiver concluída, uma contagem deve ser mostrada:

Output:
AU:6
US:-5
CN:35
JP:8

Seu trabalho é criar esse sistema, capaz de receber qualquer número de entradas do razão para qualquer número de países e capaz de determinar quanto cada país tem déficit / superávit quando tudo é pago.

O teste final é para você usar seu código para resolver a dívida entre os seguintes países no caso de teste abaixo. Esses números foram retirados da BBC News em junho de 2011. ( http://www.bbc.com/news/business-15748696 )

Para os fins do exercício, usei o respectivo PIB como excedente atual ... Lembre-se de que este é estritamente um exercício de garantia de qualidade do código ... não se fala em resolução econômica global aqui nesta pergunta ... Se você quer falar sobre economia, tenho certeza de que existe outro subdomínio no SE que lida com isso ...

US:10800;FR:440.2,ES:170.5,JP:835.2,DE:414.5,UK:834.5
FR:1800;IT:37.6,JP:79.8,DE:123.5,UK:227,US:202.1
ES:700;PT:19.7,IT:22.3,JP:20,DE:131.7,UK:74.9,US:49.6,FR:112
PT:200;IT:2.9,DE:26.6,UK:18.9,US:3.9,FR:19.1,ES:65.7
IT:1200;JP:32.8,DE:120,UK:54.7,US:34.8,FR:309,ES:29.5
IE:200;JP:15.4,DE:82,UK:104.5,US:39.8,FR:23.8
GR:200;DE:15.9,UK:9.4,US:6.2,FR:41.4,PT:7.5,IT:2.8
JP:4100;DE:42.5,UK:101.8,US:244.8,FR:107.7
DE:2400;UK:141.1,US:174.4,FR:205.8,IT:202.7,JP:108.3
UK:1700;US:578.6,FR:209.9,ES:316.6,IE:113.5,JP:122.7,DE:379.3

Agora, seja o salvador econômico do mundo!

Regras:

1. O menor código vence ... afinal de contas, este é o código-golfe ...
2. Forneça sua saída do principal caso de teste com sua resposta de código ...

K, 66

{(((!)."SF"$+":"\:'*+a)-+/'d)+/d:"F"$(!).'"S:,"0:/:last'a:";"\:'x}

.

k)input:0:`:ledg.txt
k){(((!)."SF"$+":"\:'*+a)-+/'d)+/d:"F"$(!).'"S:,"0:/:last'a:";"\:'x} input
US| 9439.3
FR| 2598.9
ES| 852.1
PT| 90.1
IT| 887.5
IE| 48
GR| 116.8
JP| 4817.4
DE| 2903.7
UK| 1546.2

Perl, 139 137 134 119 112

Here's another working piece of code... I will document it later.

Golfed code

With dictionary (112):

for(<>){~/:(.+);/g;$d{$c=$`}+=$1;$l=$';$d{$1}+=$2,$d{$c}-=$2while$l=~/(..):([^,]+)/g}print"$_:$d{$_}
"for keys%d

Without dictionary (137):

for($T=$t.=$_ for<>;$t=~/(..:)(.+);(.+)/g;print"$c$s\n"){$c=$1;$l=$3;$s=$2;$s-=$&while$l=~/[\d.]+/g;$s+=$1while$T=~/$c([\d.]+)(?!;|\d)/g}

Output

US:9439.3
FR:2598.9
ES:852.1
PT:90.1
IT:887.5
IE:48
GR:116.8
JP:4817.4
DE:2903.7
UK:1546.2

See it in action!

http://ideone.com/4iwyEP

Python, 211 185 183

import sys,re;t,R,F=sys.stdin.read(),re.findall,float;S=lambda e,s:sum(map(F,R(e,s)))
for m in R('(..:)(.+);(.+)',t):print m[0]+`F(m[1])+S(m[0]+'([\d.]+)(?!;|\d)',t)-S('[\d.]+',m[2])`

Output with major test case:

US:9439.300000000001
FR:2598.9
ES:852.0999999999999
PT:90.09999999999997
IT:887.5
IE:48.0
GR:116.8
JP:4817.4
DE:2903.7
UK:1546.2000000000003

(test it here: http://ideone.com/CjWG7v)

C - 257 253 if no CR at end of line

Depends on sizeof(short)==2.

No check for buffer overflow.

#define C(c) x[*(short*)c]
main(i){double x[23131]={0},d;char*q,b[99],*(*s)()=strtok;for(;gets(b);)for(s(b,":"),C(b)+=atof(s(0,";"));q=s(0,":");C(b)-=d=(atof(s(0,","))),C(q)+=d);for(i=b[2]=0;i<23131;memcpy(b,&i,2),x[i]?printf("%s:%f\n",b,x[i++]):++i);}

Output:

DE:2903.700000  
IE:48.000000    
UK:1546.200000  
JP:4817.400000  
FR:2598.900000  
GR:116.800000   
ES:852.100000   
US:9439.300000  
IT:887.500000   
PT:90.100000   

Less golfed:

#define C(c) x[*(short*)c]

main(i)
{
    double x[23131]={0}, d;
    char *q, b[99], *(*s)()=strtok;
    for(;gets(b);) 
        for(s(b, ":"),C(b)+=atof(s(0, ";")); 
            q=s(0, ":"); 
            C(b)-=d=(atof(s(0, ","))), C(q)+=d) ;

    for(i=b[2]=0; 
        i<23131; 
        memcpy(b, &i, 2), x[i]?printf("%s:%f\n", b, x[i++]):++i) ;
}

PHP - 338, 280

Should work with any version of PHP 5.

Golfed:

while(preg_match("#(..):(.+);(.*)#",fgets(STDIN),$m)){$l[$m[1]][0]=(float)$m[2];foreach(explode(",",$m[3])as$x){$_=explode(":",$x);$l[$m[1]][1][$_[0]]=(float)$_[1];}}foreach($l as$c=>$d)foreach($d[1]as$_=>$o){$l[$_][0]+=$o;$l[$c][0]-=$o;}foreach($l as$c=>$d)echo$c,":",$d[0],"\n";

Un-golfed:

<?php

while( preg_match( "#(..):(\d+);(.*)#", fgets( STDIN ), $m ) )
{
    $l[$m[1]][0] = (float)$m[2];

    foreach( explode( ",", $m[3] ) as $x )
    {
        $_ = explode( ":", $x );
        $l[$m[1]][1][$_[0]] = (float)$_[1];
    }
}

foreach( $l as $c => $d )
    foreach( $d[1] as $_ => $o )
    {
        $l[$_][0] += $o;
        $l[$c][0] -= $o;
    }

foreach( $l as $c => $d )
    echo $c, ":", $d[0], "\n";

Output:

US:9439.3
FR:2598.9
ES:852.1
PT:90.1
IT:887.5
IE:48
GR:116.8
JP:4817.4
DE:2903.7
UK:1546.2

perl (184 characters)

Code

%c,%d,%e=();while(<>){$_=~/(..):(.+);(.*)/;$n=$1;$c{$1}=$2;for $i(split /,/,$3){$i=~/(..):(.+)/;$d{$1}+=$2;$e{$n}+=$2;}}for $i(keys %c){$c{$i}+=$d{$i}-$e{$i};print $i.":".$c{$i}."\n";}

Output

UK:1546.2
DE:2903.7
IT:887.5
FR:2598.9
PT:90.1
US:9439.3
JP:4817.4
ES:852.1
IE:48
GR:116.8

Perl - 116 114 112

for(<>){($n,$m,@l)=split/[:;,]/;$h{$n}+=$m;$h{$n}-=$p,$h{$o}+=$p while($o,$p,@l)=@l}print"$_:$h{$_}\n"for keys%h

Output:

GR:116.8
UK:1546.2
DE:2903.7
IE:48
IT:887.5
US:9439.3
PT:90.1
ES:852.1
FR:2598.9
JP:4817.4

Ungolfed:

for(<>) {
    ($n, $m, @l)=split(/[:;,]/);
    $h{$n}+=$m;

    $h{$n}-=$p, $h{$o}+=$p while ($o,$p,@l)=@l
}
print "$_:$h{$_}\n" for keys%h

C++ - 1254

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<vector>
#include<sstream>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;int main(){vector<string>input,countries,output;vector<double>results;string last_val;int j,k,i=0;cout<<"Input\n";do{getline(cin,last_val);if(last_val!=""){input.push_back(last_val);countries.push_back(last_val.substr(0,2));}}while(last_val!="");for(j=0;j<countries.size();j++){results.push_back(0);for(k=0;k<input.size();k++)input[k].substr(0, 2)==countries[j]?results[j]+=atof(input[k].substr((input[k].find(countries[j])+3),(input[k].find(',',input[k].find(countries[j]))-input[k].find(countries[j]))).c_str()):results[j]+=atof(input[k].substr((input[k].find(countries[j],3)+3),(input[k].find(',',input[k].find(countries[j]))-input[k].find(countries[j]))).c_str());}for(j=0;j<input.size();j++){for(k=0;k<countries.size();k++){if(input[j].substr(0,2)!=countries[k]){results[j]-=atof(input[j].substr((input[j].find(countries[k])+ 3),(input[j].find(',',input[k].find(countries[k]))-input[j].find(countries[j]))).c_str());}}}for(i=0;i<countries.size();i++){stringstream strstream;strstream<<countries[i]<<":"<<results[i];output.push_back(strstream.str().c_str());}cout<<"Output:\n";for(i=0;i<output.size();i++){cout<<output[i]<<'\n';}return 0;}

I realize the code is very long, but enjoyed the good fun. This is my first time code golfing, and I am new to C++, so suggestions for improving my code are much appreciated.

Final Challenge Results

Output:
US:9439.3
FR:2598.9
ES:852.1
PT:90.1
IT:887.5
IE:48
GR:116.8
JP:4817.4
DE:2903.7
UK:1546.2

Ungolfed Code

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<vector>
#include<sstream>
#include<cstdlib>

using namespace std;

int main() {
  vector<string> input, countries, output;
  vector<double> results;
  string last_val;
  int i, j, k;

  cout << "Input\n";
  do {
    getline(cin, last_val);
    if(last_val != "") {
      input.push_back(last_val);
      countries.push_back(last_val.substr(0, 2));
    }
  } while(last_val != "");

  for(j = 0; j < countries.size(); j++) {
    results.push_back(0);
    for(k = 0; k < input.size(); k++) {
      if(input[k].substr(0, 2) == countries[j]) {
        results[j] += atof(input[k].substr((input[k].find(countries[j]) + 3),
                             (input[k].find(',', input[k].find(countries[j])) -
                              input[k].find(countries[j]))).c_str());
      } else {
        results[j] += atof(input[k].substr((input[k].find(countries[j], 3) + 3),
                             (input[k].find(',', input[k].find(countries[j])) -
                              input[k].find(countries[j]))).c_str());
      }
    }
  }

  for(j = 0; j < input.size(); j++) {
    for(k = 0; k < countries.size(); k++) {
      if(input[j].substr(0, 2) != countries[k]) {
        results[j] -= atof(input[j].substr((input[j].find(countries[k]) + 3),
                             (input[j].find(',', input[k].find(countries[k])) -
                              input[j].find(countries[j]))).c_str());
      }
    }
  }

  for(i = 0; i < countries.size(); i++) {
    stringstream strstream;
    strstream << countries[i] << ":" << results[i];
    output.push_back(strstream.str().c_str());
  }

  cout << "Output:\n";
  for(i = 0; i < output.size(); i++) {
    cout << output[i] << '\n';
  }

  return 0;
}

AWK - 138 120

{l=split($0,h,"[:,;]");t[h[1]]+=h[2];for(i=3;i<l;i+=2){t[h[1]]-=h[i+1];t[h[i]]+=h[i+1]}}END{for(v in t){print v":"t[v]}}

And the results

$ cat data.withoutInputHeadline |awk -f codegolf.awk
IT:887.5
UK:1546.2
DE:2903.7
PT:90.1
ES:852.1
FR:2598.9
GR:116.8
Input:0
JP:4817.4
IE:48
US:9439.3

Ungolfed

{
    l=split($0,h,"[:,;]");
    t[h[1]]+=h[2];
    for(i=3;i<l;i+=2){
        t[h[1]]-=h[i+1]
        t[h[i]]+=h[i+1]
    }
}
END{
    for(v in t){
        print v":"t[v]
    }
}

(test it here: http://ideone.com/pxqc07)

Ruby - 225

First try in a challenge like this, sure it could be a lot better...

R=Hash.new(0)
def pd(s,o=nil);s.split(':').tap{|c,a|R[c]+=a.to_f;o&&R[o]-=a.to_f};end
STDIN.read.split("\n").each{|l|c,d=l.split(';');pd(c);d.split(',').each{|s|pd(s,c.split(':')[0])}}
puts R.map{|k,v|"#{k}: #{v}"}.join("\n")

And the results

$ cat data|ruby codegolf.rb
US: 9439.299999999997
FR: 2598.8999999999996
ES: 852.1
JP: 4817.4
DE: 2903.7
UK: 1546.2000000000003
IT: 887.5
PT: 90.09999999999998
IE: 48.0
GR: 116.8

JS, 254 240 245

z='replace';r={};p=eval(('[{'+prompt()+'}]')[z](/\n/g,'},{')[z](/;/g,','));for(i in p){l=p[i];c=0;for(k in l){if(!c){c=k;r[c]=0;}else{r[c]-=l[k];}};for(j in p){w=p[j][c];if(w!=null)r[c]+=w}};alert(JSON.stringify(r)[z](/"|{|}/g,'')[z](/,/g,'\n'))

Well..I know it is quite long but this is my second code golf.

Suggestions are welcome!

BTW, Interesting Javascript preserves the order of elements in hashmaps, so, even if p contains an array of dictionaries, I can iterate each dictionary as an array and I'm sure that the first element of a dict is the first inserted. (the name of the country referred to the current line)

Ungolfed:

z='replace';
r={};
p=eval(('[{'+prompt()+'}]')[z](/\n/g,'},{')[z](/;/g,',')); // make the string JSONable and then evaluate it in a structure
for(i in p){ 
    l=p[i];
    c=0;
    for(k in l){
            if(!c){ // if c is not still defined, this is the country we are parsing.
                    c=k;
                    r[c]=0;
            }
            else r[c]-=l[k];
    }; 
    for(j in p){
            w=p[j][c];
            if(!w)  r[c]+=w
    }
};
alert(JSON.stringify(r)[z](/"|{|}/g,'')[z](/,/g,'\n')) # Stringify the structure, makes it new-line separated.

Note: the input is a prompt() which should be a single line. But if you copy/paste a multi line text (like the proposed input) in a prompt() window then JS read it all.

Output:

US:9439.3
FR:2598.9
ES:852.1
PT:90.09999999999998
IT:887.5
IE:48
GR:116.8
JP:4817.4
DE:2903.7000000000003
UK:1546.2

JavaScript(ES6) 175,166, 161, 156, 153147

Golfed

R={};prompt().split(/\s/).map(l=>{a=l.split(/[;,:]/);c=b=a[0];a.map(v=>b=!+v?v:(R[b]=(R[b]||0)+ +v c==b?b:R[c]-=+v))});for(x in R)alert(x+':'+R[x])

Ungolfed

R = {};
prompt().split(/\s/).map(l => {
    a = l.split(/[;,:]/);       // Split them all!! 
                                // Now in a we have big array with Country/Value items
    c = b = a[0];               // c - is first country, b - current country
    a.map(v =>                
         b = !+v ? v                 // If v is country (not a number), simply update b to it's value          
                 : (R[b] = (R[b] ||0) + +v   // Safely Add value to current country
                   c == b ? c : R[c] -= +v)  // If current country is not first one, remove debth 
    )
});
for (x in R) alert(x + ':' + R[x])

Output

US:9439.299999999997
FR:2598.8999999999996
ES:852.1
JP:4817.4
DE:2903.7
UK:1546.2000000000003
IT:887.5
PT:90.09999999999998
IE:48
GR:116.8

Groovy 315

def f(i){t=[:];i.eachLine(){l=it.split(/;|,/);s=l[0].split(/:/);if(!z(s[0]))t.put(s[0],0);t.put(s[0],x(z(s[0]))+x(s[1]));(1..<l.size()).each(){n=l[it].split(/:/);t.put(s[0],x(z(s[0]))-x(n[1]));if(!z(n[0]))t.put(n[0],0);t.put(n[0],x(z(n[0]))+x(n[1]))}};t.each(){println it}};def x(j){j.toDouble()};def z(j){t.get(j)}

Output:
US=9439.299999999997
FR=2598.8999999999996
ES=852.1
JP=4817.4
DE=2903.7
UK=1546.2000000000003
IT=887.5
PT=90.09999999999998
IE=48.0
GR=116.8

Ungolfed:

input = """US:10800;FR:440.2,ES:170.5,JP:835.2,DE:414.5,UK:834.5
FR:1800;IT:37.6,JP:79.8,DE:123.5,UK:227,US:202.1
ES:700;PT:19.7,IT:22.3,JP:20,DE:131.7,UK:74.9,US:49.6,FR:112
PT:200;IT:2.9,DE:26.6,UK:18.9,US:3.9,FR:19.1,ES:65.7
IT:1200;JP:32.8,DE:120,UK:54.7,US:34.8,FR:309,ES:29.5
IE:200;JP:15.4,DE:82,UK:104.5,US:39.8,FR:23.8
GR:200;DE:15.9,UK:9.4,US:6.2,FR:41.4,PT:7.5,IT:2.8
JP:4100;DE:42.5,UK:101.8,US:244.8,FR:107.7
DE:2400;UK:141.1,US:174.4,FR:205.8,IT:202.7,JP:108.3
UK:1700;US:578.6,FR:209.9,ES:316.6,IE:113.5,JP:122.7,DE:379.3"""

ungolfed(input)

def ungolfed(i){
    def tallyMap = [:]
    i.eachLine(){ 
        def lineList = it.split(/;|,/)
        def target = lineList[0].split(/:/)

        if(!tallyMap.get(target[0])){tallyMap.put(target[0],0)}
        tallyMap.put(target[0],tallyMap.get(target[0]).toDouble() + target[1].toDouble())
        (1..lineList.size()-1).each(){ e ->
            def nextTarget = lineList[e].split(/:/)
            //subtract the debt
            tallyMap.put(target[0], (tallyMap.get(target[0]).toDouble() - nextTarget[1].toDouble()))
            //add the debt
            if(!tallyMap.get(nextTarget[0])){ tallyMap.put(nextTarget[0], 0) }
            tallyMap.put(nextTarget[0], (tallyMap.get(nextTarget[0]).toDouble() + nextTarget[1].toDouble()))  
        }
    }
    tallyMap.each(){
        println it
    }
}

PHP, 333

$a='';while(($l=trim(fgets(STDIN)))!='')$a.=$l.'\n';$a=rtrim($a,'\n');$p=explode('\n',$a);foreach($p as $q){preg_match('/^([A-Z]+)/',$q,$b);preg_match_all('/'.$b[0].':(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/',$a,$c);$e=ltrim(strstr($q,';'),';');preg_match_all('/([A-Z]+)\:(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/',$e,$d);echo $b[0].':'.(array_sum($c[1])-array_sum($d[2])).PHP_EOL;}

Ungolfed version :

$a='';
while(($l=trim(fgets(STDIN)))!='')
    $a .= $l.'\n';
$a = rtrim($a,'\n');
$p = explode('\n',$a);
foreach($p as $q){
    preg_match('/^([A-Z]+)/',$q,$b);
    preg_match_all('/'.$b[0].':(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/',$a,$c);
    $e = ltrim(strstr($q,';'),';');
    preg_match_all('/([A-Z]+)\:(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/', $e, $d);
    echo $b[0].':'.(array_sum($c[1])-array_sum($d[2])).PHP_EOL;
}