Como criar uma lista suspensa?

Como posso criar uma lista suspensa? Eu tentei um ScrollView, mas não é exatamente o que eu preciso.

A melhor maneira de fazer isso é:

Pré-visualização:

XML:

<Spinner
    android:id="@+id/spinner1"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@android:drawable/btn_dropdown"
    android:spinnerMode="dropdown"/>

Java:

//get the spinner from the xml.
Spinner dropdown = findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
//create a list of items for the spinner.
String[] items = new String[]{"1", "2", "three"};
//create an adapter to describe how the items are displayed, adapters are used in several places in android.
//There are multiple variations of this, but this is the basic variant.
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item, items);
//set the spinners adapter to the previously created one.
dropdown.setAdapter(adapter);

Notas:

1. Você pode usar um setOnItemSelectedListener com isso.
2. Você pode adicionar uma lista de strings no xml
3. Existe uma versão appCompat dessa visualização.

Mais Informações:

Este é o básico, mas há mais a ser auto-didata com a experimentação.

https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/controls/spinner.html

Spinner xml:

<Spinner
      android:id="@+id/spinner"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="match_parent" />

Java:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener{

    private Spinner spinner;
    private static final String[] paths = {"item 1", "item 2", "item 3"};

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main_layout);

        spinner = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.spinner);
        ArrayAdapter<String>adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this,
                android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,paths);

        adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
        spinner.setAdapter(adapter);
        spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);

    }

    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id) {

        switch (position) {
            case 0:
                // Whatever you want to happen when the first item gets selected
                break;
            case 1:
                // Whatever you want to happen when the second item gets selected
                break;
            case 2:
                // Whatever you want to happen when the thrid item gets selected
                break;

        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        }

}

Aqui está o código para isso.

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >

<Spinner
    android:id="@+id/static_spinner"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="20dp" />

<Spinner
    android:id="@+id/dynamic_spinner"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

strings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<string name="app_name">Ahotbrew.com - Dropdown</string> 
<string-array name="brew_array">
    <item>Cappuccino</item>
    <item>Espresso</item>
    <item>Mocha</item>
    <item>Caffè Americano</item>
    <item>Cafe Zorro</item>
</string-array> 

Atividade principal

Spinner staticSpinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.static_spinner);

    // Create an ArrayAdapter using the string array and a default spinner
    ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> staticAdapter = ArrayAdapter
            .createFromResource(this, R.array.brew_array,
                    android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);

    // Specify the layout to use when the list of choices appears
    staticAdapter
            .setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);

    // Apply the adapter to the spinner
    staticSpinner.setAdapter(staticAdapter);

    Spinner dynamicSpinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.dynamic_spinner);

    String[] items = new String[] { "Chai Latte", "Green Tea", "Black Tea" };

    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
            android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, items);

    dynamicSpinner.setAdapter(adapter);

    dynamicSpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
                int position, long id) {
            Log.v("item", (String) parent.getItemAtPosition(position));
        }

        @Override
        public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        }
    });

Este exemplo é de http://www.ahotbrew.com/android-dropdown-spinner-example/

Este código está funcionando muito bem para mim, espero que ajude você também.

item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:padding="1dip" >
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/spinnerItem"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="2dp"
        android:textSize="12sp" >
    </TextView>
</RelativeLayout>

details.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
        android:background="#FF00FF">   
    <Spinner
            android:id="@+id/dropStatus"
            android:layout_width="250dp"
            android:layout_height="30dp"
            android:layout_marginBottom="7dp"
            android:drawSelectorOnTop="true"/> 
</LinearLayout>

Classe do adaptador:

import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class StatusAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<StatusBean> {

    private Context context;
    private ArrayList<StatusBean> statuses;
    public Resources res;
    StatusBean currRowVal = null;
    LayoutInflater inflater;

    public StatusAdapter(Context context,
            int textViewResourceId, ArrayList<StatusBean> statuses,
            Resources resLocal) {
        super(context, textViewResourceId, statuses);
        this.context = context;
        this.statuses = statuses;
        this.res = resLocal;        
        inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
    }

    @Override
    public View getDropDownView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        return getCustomView(position, convertView, parent);
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        return getCustomView(position, convertView, parent);
    }

    public View getCustomView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        View row = inflater.inflate(R.layout.status_item, parent, false);
        currRowVal = null;
        currRowVal = (StatusBean) statuses.get(position);
        TextView label = (TextView) row.findViewById(R.id.spinnerItem);
        if (position == 0) {
            label.setText("Please select status");
        } else {
            label.setText(currRowVal.getStatus());
        }

        return row;
    }
}

Classe StatusBean:

public class StatusBean {

    private String status;
    private String statusCode;

    public StatusBean() {
    }

    public StatusBean(String status,
            String statusCode) {
        this.status = status;
        this.statusCode = statusCode;
    }

    public String getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(String status) {
        this.status =  status;
    }

    public String getStatusCode() {
        return statusCode;
    }

    public void setStatusCode(String statusCode) {
        this.statusCode = statusCode;
    }
}

Classe de atividade:

Por dentro do onCreate methos:

static ArrayList<StatusBean> STATUS_LIST = new ArrayList<StatusBean>();

for(int i=0;i<=10;i++) {
STATUS_LIST.add(new StatusBean(“Status ”+i, “Stattus ”+i));
}

final Spinner  dropStatus = (Spinner)findViewById(R.id.dropStatus);
            Resources res = getResources(); 
            StatusAdapter adapter = new StatusAdapter(this, R.layout.item, SessionData. STATUS_LIST, res);
            dropStatus.setAdapter(adapter);

Você precisa de um Spinner. Aqui está um exemplo:

spinner_1 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
spinner_1.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); 
list.add("RANJITH");
list.add("ARUN");
list.add("JEESMON");
list.add("NISAM");
list.add("SREEJITH");
list.add("SANJAY");
list.add("AKSHY");
list.add("FIROZ");
list.add("RAHUL");
list.add("ARJUN");
list.add("SAVIYO");
list.add("VISHNU");

ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, list);
adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
spinner_1.setAdapter(adapter);


spinner_2 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner_two);
spinner_2.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);
List<String> city = new ArrayList<String>();
city.add("KASARGOD");
city.add("KANNUR");
city.add("THRISSUR");
city.add("KOZHIKODE");
city.add("TRIVANDRUM");
city.add("ERNAMKULLAM");
city.add("WAYANAD");
city.add("PALAKKAD");
city.add("ALAPUZHA");
city.add("IDUKKI");
city.add("KOTTAYAM");
city.add("PATHANAMTHITTA");
city.add("KOLLAM");
city.add("MALAPPURAM");
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter2 = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item, city);
adapter2.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
spinner_2.setAdapter(adapter2);

@Override
public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
        long id) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Toast.makeText(this, "YOUR SELECTION IS : " + parent.getItemAtPosition(position).toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();


}

@Override
public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

Você também pode usar o widget AppCompatSpinner :

<android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatSpinner
    android:id="@+id/spinner_order_type"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    app:backgroundTint="@color/red"/>

Dentro da sua classe de atividade:

AppCompatSpinner spinOrderType = (AppCompatSpinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner_order_type);
List<String> categories = new ArrayList<String>();
        categories.add(getString(R.string.label_table_order));
        categories.add(getString(R.string.label_take_away));

        ArrayAdapter<String> dataAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(mContext,
                R.layout.layout_spinner_item, categories);
        dataAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(R.layout.layout_spinner_item);
        spinOrderType.setAdapter(dataAdapter);
        spinOrderType.setSelection(0);

        spinOrderType.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long l) {
                String item = parent.getItemAtPosition(position).toString();
                Log.d(TAG, item);
            }

            @Override
            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView) {

            }
        });

layout_spinner_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:gravity="left"
    android:textSize="@dimen/text.size.large"
    android:textColor="@color/text.link"
    android:padding="@dimen/margin.3" />

Tente isso ...

<string-array name="names">

        <item></item>
        <item>By Bus</item>
        <item>By Train</item>
        <item>By Van</item>
        <item>By Bike</item>
    </string-array>


String travel_type;


ArrayAdapter<String> myAdapter = new ArrayAdapter(AddNew_Trip.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, getResources().getStringArray(R.array.names)); 
        myAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line); 
        mySpinner.setAdapter(myAdapter); 

        mySpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener( 
                new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() { 

                    @Override 
                    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) { 
                        travel_type = String.valueOf(adapterView.getItemAtPosition(i)); 
                        //Toast.makeText(Plan_Trip.this, travel_type, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
                    } 

                    @Override 
                    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView) { 

                    } 

                } 
        ); 
    }

Tente o seguinte:

package example.spin.spinnerexample;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener{

    String[] bankNames={"BOI","SBI","HDFC","PNB","OBC"};
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //Getting the instance of Spinner and applying OnItemSelectedListener on it
        Spinner spin = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.simpleSpinner);
        spin.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);

        //Creating the ArrayAdapter instance having the bank name list
        ArrayAdapter aa = new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,bankNames);
        aa.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
        //Setting the ArrayAdapter data on the Spinner
        spin.setAdapter(aa);
    }


    //Performing action onItemSelected and onNothing selected
    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int position,long id) {
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), bankNames[position], Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }
}

activity_main.xml: -

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Spinner
        android:id="@+id/simpleSpinner"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp" />

</RelativeLayout>