Well, how? There is that "SET LAUNCH OPTIONS" button, but I believe that is only fit to command line switches.
14
It is possible to prefix the command with your environment variable in the set launch options like so:
YOUR_VARIABLE=1 %command%
/proc/<game pid>/environ
.mesa_glthread=true R600_DEBUG=sbcl,hyperz,llvm,sisched,forcedma vblank_mode=0 %command%
.